Square.



A. L. GIBSON.

SQUARE. APP'LIOATION FILED Nov. 2o, 1909.

991,714., Patented May 9,1911.

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SQUARE.

Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patent-ea May e, 1911.

Application led N ovember 20, 1909. Serial N o. 529,082.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALVIN L. GirsoN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Portland, in the county of Multnomah and State of Oregon, have invented anew and useful Square, of which the following is a specification.

It is the object of the present invention to provide an improved square for use by carpenters and builders and to so construct the square that it may be used in a number of ways, such for example as marking out beams and timbers and marking oif stair stringers and the like, and the square embodying the present invention is adapted not only to these uses but also embodies a scale by which side cuts on hips, valleys and jack rafters, and cuts of sheathing boards and other similar constructions may be determined.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists in the construction and arrangement of parts shown in the accompanying drawings in which g- Figure 1 is a plan view of one side of the square embodying the `present invention. Fig. 2 is an end view of a portion of the square. Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 11 is a similar view on the line 4 4 of the said Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a group view of certain parts carried by one arm of the square. Fig. 6 is a view showing several attachments employed in connection with the square. Fig. 7 is a plan view of one arm of the square looking at the side opposite the side shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 8 is a perspective view of one of the attachments illustrated in Fig. 6 of the drawings.

r1`he arms 10 and 11 of the square are provided with the usual scales 12 and 13 respectively, and along their inner edge with other scales 14 and 15 respectively representing inches and fractions of inches as do the scales 12 and 13, and in addition to these scales, the blade 10 of the square is provided upon one face with a scale 16 which 'may be followed or employed in making side cuts on jack rafters, and upon its reverse side, this arm is provided with a similar scale 17 which may be followed in making side cuts in hips, valleys, and sheaths. A

As is clearly shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings, the arm 10 of the square is formed with a slot 18 which extends lengthwise thereof and parallel to the outer edge of this arm,

and the arm 11 is formed with a similar slot 19 which is similarly located with respect to the outer edge of the said arm 11. These slots 18 and 19 are provided for the guidance of certain stops 20 which are adjustably mounted upon the arms of the square and one of these stops is clearly illustrated in Fig. 3 of the drawings and shown as comprising a pair of blocks 20, 'each formed with a tongue 21. The blocks 20 are disposed flat against the opposite faces of the respective arms of the square and openings 22 which are formed in their tongue portions 21 come into registration with the respective slot 18 or 19 as the case may be. The faces or sides of the tongues 21 which rest against the faces of the arm of the square are formed each with an integral lug 23, which projects into the slot 18 or 19 as the case may be and, being rectangular, prevents turning of the block upon the said arms. The two blocks upon the arms being so positioned as to bring their openings 22 in alinement, a set screw 24E is engaged through the opening in one tongue 21, the slot, and threaded into an opening in the other tongue. By loosening this set screw 24, either set of blocks may be adjusted along its corresponding arm to the desired point and the set screw may then be tightened to hold the block at adjustment. These blocks are used in marking of stair stringers as will be presently explained.

In addition to the slots 18 and 19, the arms 10 and 11 are formed with slots 25 and 26 respectively, and whereas, as heretofore stated, the slots 18 and 19 are parallel to the longitudinal edges of the arms of the square, the slots 25 and 26 extend at an acute angle to the inner edges of these arms or in other words extend inwardly at an angle toward the longitudinal median line of the respective blade in the direction of the connected end of the arm. These slots 25 and 26 also perfo-rm a certain function in marking off a stair Stringer. Before stating this function, it will be well todescribe specifically certain attachments which are employed in connection with the square and perform also a function in the line of this use. The attachments above referred to are in the nature of a small flat plate which is of such outline as to serve as a pattern for the nose or forward edge of the tread of plates are identical in construction and dier only in size, only one of the plates will be described. The plate is indicated by the numeral 27 and has a right line edge 2S which is designed to rest against the outer edge of the arm 11 of the square and that end of the said arm which joins with the arm l0 as clearly shown in Fig. l of the drawings, this edge being formed or provided with two or more studs 29 which are inserted into Vbores 30 formed in the said edge of the arm ll whereby the plate may be applied to and readily removed from the square. lt will be observed from inspection of the figures comprising the group of figures stated, that whereas the plates may be of different widths, the pins or studs 29 are so located that one lateral edge of the plate will be in `registration and alinement with the outer edge of the arm 10 of the square and the lateral edges of the plate are connected by an edge which has a line of extent which is the arc of a circle struck from the center of an opening 31 formed through the plate. In other words, one of the studs 29 upon all of the plates is spaced at equal distance from one `lateral edge of the plate and the two or more studs upon all of the plates are correspondingly spaced apart.

lll/'ith 4one of the plates 27 in place upon the square, the gages 2O are set to such scale marks upon the arms of the square as will indicate the width of the stair tread and the depth of the risers whereupon the set screws 24- are tightened and the square is then disposed against that edge of a stair stringerwhich is to be cut away and a pencil line is drawn from one of the gage blocks, for example the block upon the arm l0 of the square, along the outer edge of this arm, around the lateral and curved edges of the blocks 27 at the end of this arm, and then along the outer edge of the other arm 11 of the square to the point indicated by the engaged block on this last mentioned arm. After having done this, a pencil line is drawn along the outer edges of the two slots 25 and 26 and it will then be found that the stair stringer has been properly marked for cutting. After having marked around the edges of the armsof the square and around the pattern block 27, the pencil point is inserted through the opening 3l in the block and a small mark is made upon the Stringer indicating where the entering point of an auger bit of proper size is to be placed.

It will be understood from the foregoing that by cutting the stringere as marked off by the sections of the square in the manner above described, a space will be left beneath the tread and back of the riser for the insertion of a wedge, this space resulting indirectly from the `position of the slots 25 and 26, which slots extend at an angle to the edges of the arms in which they are formed.

As heretofore stated, the device embodying the present invention, may be used as a bevel square and in order that it may be so used there is provided an attachment which will now be described. At a point adjacent its free end, the arm l0 of the square is provided with a circular opening indicated by the numeral 82 Fig. et and a bar is disposed against the under side of this arm and has a sleeve portion 34k which projects through t-he opening 32 and into a similar opening 35 formed in a ybar 36 which corresponds to the bar 33 in function. That portion of the sleeve extension 34 which projects int-o the opening in the bar 36 is formed with lugs 37 which seat in notches 88 which are formed by partly contracting the openings 35 and after the parts have been assembled in the relation stated above, a set screw 39 is threaded into the sleeve extension from the upper side ofthe device and has its head bearing against the upper face of the bar 36, it being understood that by loosening this set screw, the two bars may be correspondingly adjusted to various angles with vrespect to the edges of the arm l0 of the square upon which they are mount ed and after such adjustment may be firmly locked in posit-ion to enable the device to be used as a bevel square.

ln using the device in cutting hip and valley rafters, for a one-third `pitch roof, for example, or in other words a roof having eight inches rise to twelve inches run, the gage on arm ll is set at the numeral 12 on the scale 13, indicating the twelve inches run. The gage on the arm 10 is then set at the numeral 8 on the scale 17. The device may then be disposed upon the timber to be cut and a marking pencil or the like is drawn along the outer edge of the arm 10. In cutting jack rafters, the device is set in a like manner except that the gage Aon the arm 10 is set at the proper point on the scale 16.

From the above it will be readily understood that hip, valley, and jack rafters may be cut for any 4predetermined number of inches rise to any predetermined ynumber of inches run. In using the device in cutting sheathing boards, the gages are similarly set except that the marking pencil or the like is drawn along the outer edge of the arm 1l of the device.

From the foregoing description of the invention, it will be seen that the square einbodying the present invention is adaptable to numerous uses and presents a convenient instrument for measuring and laying off stair stringere, of hilps and valley rafters, and sheathing, and numerous other elements of building construct-ion.

What is claimed is A square having an opening in one of its arms, a bar disposed in one side of t-he square and having a sleeve extension projecting through the opening and formed at its end CIK With lugs, a second bar disposed in a corresponding position against the other side of the arm of the square and having an opening receiving the end of the sleeve extension and notches receiving the lugs thereon, and a In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto aitixed my signa- 10 ture in the presence of tvvo Witnesses.

ALVIN LESTER GIPSON.

set screw threaded through the opening in Witnesses: the last mentioned bar and into the sleeve OLIVE VVHITLOCK2 extension of the rst mentioned bar. R. A. MATHER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

